MONSTERA

Psihološko ustvarjanje Nataliye Gorza

Nataliya Gorza se je rodila leta 1972 v mestu Černivca v Ukrajini, kjer je končala srednjo likovno šolo Tarasa Ševčenka. V Slovenijo je prišla leta 2000 in se naselila v Ribnici na Dolenjskem. Študirala je na Akademiji za likovno umetnost in oblikovanje v Ljubljani, program slikarstvo, kjer je diplomirala leta 2010. Od leta 2009 do leta 2014 je v Ribnici poučevala slikanje in risanje v Likovnem izobraževalnem centru Galerije Miklova hiša. Vključena je tudi v Društvo likovnih umetnikov Ljubljana in Zvezo društev slovenskih likovnih umetnikov (ZDSLU).

Nataliya Gorza se opisuje kot slikarka psiholoških portretov, saj jo privlači povezanost posameznikove duševnosti in prikaz fizičnih znakov, ki so posledica posameznikovih tegob. Velik vpliv na njen slog slikanja in risanja je pustil Lucian Freud, vnuk očeta psihologije in psihoanalize Sigmunda Freuda, ki je prvotno ustvarjal psihološke portrete in raziskoval prikaz duševnosti  na človekovi podobi ter imel psihološki pogled na upodobljenca. Portreti zanjo pomenijo študij posameznikove osebnosti in ne telesa, zato goloto portretov bolj zakriva kot prikazuje. Slikarka prikazuje brutalno resničnost posameznikov in sveta, saj nepravilnosti poudari in jih ne skriva. Značilni motivi njenih del so žile, modrice, kri, ugasle luči, ovenelo rastlinstvo itd. Gorzo uvrščamo med slikarje mesa, za katere je značilen neposreden in dobeseden realizem, kar se kaže v tem, da podobe na slikah niso idealizirane. Duševna teža upodobljenca je poleg fizičnih lastnostih poudarjena s pastoznim nanosom barve in neživo okolico. Umetnica uporablja nežive, zamegljene barve in večkrat zasledimo tako imenovane »earth tones«, torej odtenke, ki jih najdemo v naravi (rjava, zelena, modra, rumena, oranžna, rdeča).

Slika, ki vključuje vse njene slikarske značilnosti, je Monstera. Nataliya Gorza je sliko naslikala leta 2013 na platnu z dolžino 146 cm in višino 200 cm. Tehnika olje na platnu ji je omogočila mešanje in pastozni nanos barv. Motiv slike je akt, ki ga lahko enačimo s psihološkim portretom, saj je prikazala psihološko stanje portretirane osebe. Portretiranec, čigar velikost je približno 100 cm x 70 cm, leži z zaprtimi očmi v nelagodnem položaju na tleh, v spodnji levi četrtini slike. Poleg njega, v desni zgornji četrtini, stoji velika monstera, ki je zasajena v lončenem loncu. Listi rastline so porumeneli in oveneli, s čimer je želela ponazoriti odmiranje. Za monstero je veliko stensko okno, ki seza skoraj do tal in prepušča dnevno svetlobo. Levo zgoraj je edina vidna stena prostora, ki je poškodovana in preluknjana. Pod portretirancem na tleh, v desnem kotu, leži nekoliko uničena in zvita slika matere in otroka, ki se nahajata na vrtu. Bolečino portretiranca je prikazala z ranami, modricami, žilami in bledo kožo, kar sliko uvršča v neposreden in dobeseden realizem, saj ne idealizira in polepšuje sveta, temveč ga prikazuje v realnem in krutem stanju. Ikonografska tema slike je posvetna. Umetnica je s sliko želela sporočiti psihološko stanje portretiranca in njegove tegobe, zato portreti in akti niso študij telesa, temveč osebnosti. Gorza je ustvarila tridimenzionalen prostor s pogledom človekove perspektive, kar daje občutek prisotnosti v samem prostoru. K realnosti prispeva tudi uporaba senčenja, ki v tej sliki pripomore k dejstvu, da je naslikan prizor v jasnem in svetlem dnevu. Kompozicija je dinamična. Slika prikazuje realnost ljudi, družbe in sveta ter obudi nova družbena in osebna vprašanja. Slika je shranjena v likovni zbirki galerije Miklova hiša.

Nataliya Gorza me navdušuje zaradi njenega unikatnega pristopa k razlaganju sveta in naše družbe skozi zelo premišljen način slikanja. Njeni portreti so me vzpodbudili k razmišljanju o samem sebi in svojih tegobah ter so me opomnili, kako naša družba raje prekriva vse težave ter jih ne rešuje. Menim, da njene umetnine prispevajo k izboljšanju našega sveta in družbe. Zelo so mi všeč tudi barve, ki jih Gorza uporablja v svojih slikah in njena posvečenost detajlom. Prvič sem tudi zasledil umetnost, ki upodablja psihična stanja in tegobe na tako konkreten in posreden način.

Luka Bončina, 3. b (šol. l. 2021/2022)

 

VIRI IN LITERATURA

1. DOLŠINA, M. in ZUPANČIČ, K. (2015). Prophetae domestici. Ribnica, Galerija Miklova hiša.
2. Nataliya Gorza – Slike in risbe. Občasna razstava ( 4. 2013 –12. 5. 2013). Kostanjevica na Krki: Galerija Božidar Jakac. Dostopno 2. 12. 2021 na: http://museums.si/sl-si/Domov/Razstave-dogodki/Dogodek?id=73267

 

MONSTERA

Psychological creation of Nataliya Gorza

Nataliya Gorza was born in 1972 in a town Černivca in Ukraine, where she finished Shevchenko State Art School. She came to Slovenia in 2000 and settled in Ribnica in the Dolenjska region. She studied painting at the Academy of Fine Arts in Ljubljana, where she graduated in 2010. From 2009 to 2014 she taught painting and drawing at the art education center Likovni izobraževalni center Galerije Miklova hiša. She is also a member of the societies Društvo likovnih umetnikov Ljubljana and Zveza društev slovenskih likovnih umetnikov (ZDSLU).

Nataliya Gorza describes herself as a painter of psychological portraits because the connection between the individual’s mentality and the display of physical signs, which are consequences of individual’s scourges, attracts her. Lucian Freud, the grandson of the father of psychology and psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud, greatly influenced her style in painting and drawing. He first started creating psychological portraits, explored the display of mentality on the human figure and had a psychological view of the portrayed person. She sees the portraits as a study of the individual’s personality and not their bodies, therefore she covers the nudity of her portraits, rather than shows it. The painter shows the brutal reality of individuals and the world because she emphasizes the imperfections and doesn’t hide them. Typical motifs of her artworks are veins, bruises, blood, dimmed lights, withered plants etc. We classify Gorza as a painter of flesh, for whom the indirect and literal Realism is distinctive, which is shown by the fact that figures are not idealized. Mental weight of the portrayed person is besides the physical features emphasized with impasto brushwork and inanimate setting. The painter uses dull, faded colours and we frequently come across earth tones, colour shades that are found in nature (brown, green, blue, yellow, orange, red).

The painting which includes all her painting characteristics is Monstera. Nataliya Gorza painted the painting in 2013 on a canvas that’s 146 cm wide and 200 cm tall. The technique oil on canvas enabled the mixing of colours and impasto brushwork.  The motif of the painting is a nude, which can be equated with a psychological portrait, because it shows the mental state of the portrayed person. The portrayed person, whose size is approximately 100 cm x 70 cm, is lying with closed eyes in an uncomfortable position on the ground, in the lower left quarter of the painting. Next to him, in the upper right quarter, a large monstera is standing, planted in a clay pot. Leaves of the plant are yellowed and withered, whereby she wanted to showcase dieback. Behind monstera there is a huge wall window, which almost reaches the floor and lets in the natural light. In the upper left side of the painting there is the only visible wall of the room, which is damaged and perforated. Below the portrayed person on the floor lies a somewhat destroyed and rolled up picture of a mother and a child in a garden. The painter showcased the pain of the portrayed person with wounds, bruises, veins, and pale skin, which classifies the painting as indirect and literal Realism, because it doesn’t idealize and adorn the world, but it shows it in its realistic and cruel state. The iconographic theme is secular. The painter wanted to express the psychological state of the portrayed person and his scourges, therefore the portraits and nudes aren’t a study of the body, but personality. Gorza created a three-dimensional space with a view from the human’s perspective, which gives a feeling of presence in the space. Shading also contributes to the reality of the painting, which in this picture points out the fact that the scene was painted on a clear bright day. The composition is dynamic. The painting shows the reality of people, the society and the world and it rouses new social and personal questions. The painting is part of an art collection in the gallery Miklova hiša.

Nataliya Gorza inspires me because of her unique approach of explaining the world and our society through a deliberate style of painting. Her portraits encouraged me to think about myself and my own scourges and they reminded me of the fact that our society prefers to cover all the problems and doesn’t solve them. I think that her artworks contribute to improvement of our world and society. I also like the colours that Gorza uses in her paintings and her dedication to details. For the first time I have come across art that depicts psychological states and scourges in such a definite and indirect way.

Luka Bončina, 3. b (šol. l. 2021/2022)

 

SOURCES AND LITERATURE

1. DOLŠINA, M. in ZUPANČIČ, K. (2015). Prophetae domestici. Ribnica, Galerija Miklova hiša.
2. Nataliya Gorza – Slike in risbe. Občasna razstava ( 4. 2013 –12. 5. 2013). Kostanjevica na Krki: Galerija Božidar Jakac. [Cited: 2. 12. 2021; 13.20]. Available at: http://museums.si/sl-si/Domov/Razstave-dogodki/Dogodek?id=73267